Friday, July 24, 2009
EPA is a principal in the application of hydraulics in vehicles. Hydraulic hybrid technology uses a hydraulic energy storage and propulsion system in the vehicle. This hydraulic system captures and stores a large fraction of the energy normally wasted in vehicle braking and uses this energy to help propel the vehicle during the next vehicle acceleration. The hydraulic system also enables the engine to operate more efficiently when it is needed.
Hydraulic hybrids draw from two sources of power to operate the vehicle - the diesel or gasoline engine and the hydraulic components. In other words, a typical diesel-powered or gasoline powered vehicle can be fitted with hydraulic components as a secondary energy storage system. The primary hydraulic components are two hydraulic accumulator vessels (a high-pressure accumulator capable of storing hydraulic fluid compressing inert nitrogen gas and a low-pressure accumulator) and one or more hydraulic pump/motor units.
Benefits of Hydraulic Technology:
Hydraulic drive trains are particularly attractive for vehicle applications that entail a significant amount of stop-and-go driving, such as urban delivery trucks or school buses. A major benefit of a hydraulic hybrid vehicle is the ability to capture and use a large percentage of the energy normally lost in vehicle braking. Hydraulic hybrids can quickly and efficiently store and release great amounts of energy due to a higher power density. This is a critical factor in maximizing braking energy recovered and increasing the fuel economy benefit. While the primary benefit of hydraulics is higher fuel economy, hydraulics also increase vehicle acceleration performance. Hydraulic hybrid technology cost-effectively allows the engine speed or torque to be independent of vehicle speed resulting in cleaner and more efficient engine operation.
Future of Hydraulics:
Hydraulic hybrid systems create a unique opportunity to optimize engine operations. EPA has produced principal concept vehicles that demonstrate the hydraulic technology. One concept vehicle is an urban delivery truck that uses hydraulic "launch assist." This delivery truck retains its conventional engine and transmission, but adds on a hydraulics package optimized for fuel economy. The next generation of hydraulic vehicles involves fully integrating hydraulic technology. In this configuration, the "full" hydraulic hybrid replaces the conventional drive train with a hydraulic drive train and eliminates the need for a transmission and transfer case. Using the full hydraulic drive in conjunction with EPA's clean diesel combustion technology is projected to improve fuel economy even more.
EPA also has achieved major breakthroughs in designing hydraulic accumulators and pump/motors to be more efficient, smaller, and lighter for motor vehicle applications, which will help improve fuel efficiency. EPA currently has cooperative principal and development agreements with several private sector partners to further the development of hydraulics
Thursday, July 23, 2009
The Short-toed Eagle is an accomplished flyer and spends more time on the wing than do most members of its genus. It favours soaring over hill slopes and hilltops on updraughts, and it does much of its hunting from this position at heights of up to 500 meters. When quartering open country it frequently hovers like a Kestrel. When it soars it does so on flattish wings.
Its prey is mostly reptiles, mainly snakes, but also some lizards. Occasionally small mammals to the size of a rabbit; rarely birds and large insects.
This eagle is generally very silent. On occasions it emits a variety of musical whistling notes. When breeding it lays only one egg, but can live up to 17 years.
The Short-toed Eagle has suffered a steep decline in numbers and range in Europe and is now rare and still decreasing in several countries due to changes in agriculture and land-use. It needs protection. In the middle and far eastern part of its range this species is not yet threatened.
Wednesday, July 15, 2009
The NNI creates a framework for a comprehensive nanotechnology R&D program by establishing shared goals, priorities, and strategies, and it provides avenues for each individual agency to leverage the resources of all participating agencies.
Today the NNI consists of the individual and cooperative nanotechnology-related activities of 25 Federal agencies with a range of research and regulatory roles and responsibilities. Thirteen of the participating agencies have R&D budgets that relate to nanotechnology, with the reported NNI budget representing the collective sum of these. The NNI as a program does not fund research; however, it informs and influences the Federal budget and planning processes through its member agencies.
Goals of the NNI
• Advance a world-class nanotechnology research and development program.
• Foster the transfer of new technologies into products for commercial and public benefit.
• Develop and sustain educational resources, a skilled workforce, and the supporting infrastructure and tools to advance nanotechnology.
• Support responsible development of nanotechnology.
The NNI
The ability to image, measure, model, and manipulate matter on the nanoscale is leading to new technologies that will impact virtually every sector of our economy and our daily lives. Nanoscale science, engineering, and technology are enabling promising new materials and applications across many fields. Realizing these possibilities requires continued research and accelerated innovation. The United States has been and is now the recognized leader in nanotechnology R&D, but this lead cannot be assumed to be permanent. Thus, the NNI is as important as ever to ensuring U.S. leadership in nanotechnology R&D.
The NNI has created a thriving nanoscale science and engineering R&D environment within the United States. As a result, scientific understanding of nanometer-scale phenomena has expanded enormously. An extensive network of R&D centers is already established. Commercialization resulting from the NNI-supported research is growing. Yet exploiting the full value that nanotechnology offers depends on sustained R&D. Barriers to innovation and technology transfer need to be lowered. Researchers, educators, and technicians with new skills are required. Furthermore, nanotechnology must be developed responsibly.
Wednesday, June 03, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky should follow three main elements for leading a positive life. First thing is the information acquisition. Information about nutrition, physiology and biology will help him understand how his body works and learn about where he has gone wrong in the past. As your level of awareness broadens so will your excitement to try new, healthful ways to lose weight. The process of a positive change will then become fun rather than laborious. Information acquisition is a great start but it is not always enough.
Sheldon Kalnitsky has to work on support system. The pressure, pain and anxiety in successfully losing a large bulk of weight are even higher when trying to do it alone. Setting goals is one way to ensure success in any weight loss effort. The mistake many dieters make is to set goals that are unrealistic. When a goal cannot be reached it usually affects an individual’s motivation resulting in negative thoughts patterns.
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Tuesday, June 02, 2009
In a large clinical trial, more than twice as many people who got the vaccine saw their tumors shrink compared to those who didn't get the drug, Dr. Douglas Schwartzentruber of Indiana University told colleagues at the annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
The study is "one of the first to show positive, promising results for a cancer vaccine" to fight the often-deadly skin cancer melanoma, Schwartzentruber said.
When it spreads from its original site, melanoma is difficult to treat and resistant to most therapies, he said. "These results will give patients and the oncology community hope that we are making some progress against this disease," Schwartzentruber said.
The vaccine consists of a molecule -- dubbed gp100 -- that is on the surface of melanoma cells. The idea is that the immune system will attack not only the molecule itself, but also the cancer cells that display it.
In previous trials, Schwartzentruber said, the vaccine has had little effect.
But in a new wrinkle, this time it was given with interleukin-2, a signalling molecule known to stimulate the immune system. In some studies, one in four patients treated with the interleukin-2 alone has had measurable tumor shrinkage, Schwartzentruber said.
The study, which is continuing, enrolled 185 patients with melanoma that had spread to other sites, such as the lungs. Half were treated with interleukin-2 alone and half were given the vaccine as well.
Among those who got both drugs, 22 percent saw their tumors shrink, Schwartzentruber said, compared to 9.7 percent of those who got interleukin-2 alone.
The vaccine also added about a month and half to the period before the cancer shook off the effects of the drug and began to spread again.
The differences may seem small, Schwartzentruber said, but in many cancer treatments, progress is measured in small steps that eventually add up.
Skin Cancer Vaccine Study a 'First Step'
Schwartzentruber said this combination is only a first step. Other combinations of drugs that stimulate the immune system and target cancer cells need to be developed and tested in order to improve the results, he said.
source: http://www.abcnews.go.com/Health/CancerPreventionAndTreatment/Story?id=7716773&page=2
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Monday, June 01, 2009
There were 228 people on board Flight 447, which had taken off from the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro and was due to land in Paris on Monday morning.
A massive search operation is under way, but it is not clear exactly where or when the airliner went down.
Al Jazeera's Jayne Azzopardi reports.
Thursday, May 28, 2009
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Tuesday, May 26, 2009
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Monday, May 25, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky leads a disciplined life. Reading a book daily in the scheduled time and sticking to it, improves discipline. Sheldon Kalnitsky prefers reading books when he is bored. If a person is bored, it would be better if he takes a book and starts reading as it will reduce his boredom.
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Sunday, May 24, 2009
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Saturday, May 23, 2009
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Friday, May 22, 2009
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Thursday, May 21, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky follows one particular method for applying coconut oil on the hair. Warm the oil and use a cotton wool to apply on the scalp. Next is to wrap a hot towel over the head, this allows deeper penetration of the oil. Repeat this method atleast 2 to 3 times and apply oil in the night, shampoo your hair next morning.
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Wednesday, May 20, 2009
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Tuesday, May 19, 2009
Major benefit of fish oil can be attributed to the presence of Omega 3 essential fatty acids such as Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Fish oil can solve heart disease problem, high cholesterol, weight loss, depression, anxiety, cancer, diatetes, arthritis, skin care, acne, ulcers, fertility etc. The various types of fish which can be a good source of fish oil are mackerel, rainbow trout, lake trout, halibut, swordfish, oysters, yellow fin tuna and salmon.
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Sheldon Kalnitsky feels low and lethargic in the morning, instead of reaching out for a can of carbonated energy drink, try honey. Spread it on hot roast or replace the sugar in your tea with it for a refreshing surge of energy. Sheldon Kalnitsky has two kids, to keep them fit he prepares some sandwiches with honey, butter and ham to make sure they have enough energy to sustain through the day. His children are delighted when they see him preparing warm honey water in their bottles.
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Sunday, May 17, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky discovered some sources about losing weight, diets and obesity. Sheldon Kalnitsky used many medicines which are completely made up of chemicals. At the end, Sheldon Kalnitsky turned back to the traditional treatment since he thought that those chemicals damage his liver. During his research, he discovered the benefits of green tea.Labels: Sheldon Kalnitsky
Friday, May 15, 2009
Sheldon gets a chance to be with children laugh with them, think their way and enjoy their innocently silly and healthily mischievous behavior. Sheldon Kalnitsky is in teaching profession, so Sheldon gets a new group of students every year. Since Sheldon is a teacher, there is room for creativity and innovation.
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Thursday, May 14, 2009
Sheldon kalnitsky says that if one ton of steel is recycled, 2,500 pounds of iron ore, 1400 pounds of coal and 120 pounds of limestone are conserved. Mining is the world’s most deadly occupation. On an average, 40 mine workers are killed on the job each day, and many more are injured. Recycling reduces the need for mining. Recycling prevents habitat destruction, loss of biodiversity, and soil erosion associated with logging and mining.
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Wednesday, May 13, 2009
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Tuesday, May 12, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky view on vegetables - Sheldon kalnitsky eats vegetables regularly because it contains vitamins, minerals and thousands of other plant chemicals known to provide health benefits. Due to eating vegetables, Sheldon Kalnitsky was able to control weight. Vegetables are low in fats and calories, a good source of dietary fiber and provide us with extra energy. Sheldon Kalnitsky says vegetables are low in calories and has high fiber content which fills the stomach faster limiting the total amount of food consumed. The presence of many vitamins and other chemicals in vegetables supply the body with nutrients necessary to boost energy production within the muscle cells.Sheldon Kalnitsky found that vegetables are low in sodium so they can reduce water gains. Sodium is present in virtually all processed foods; it causes the body to hold water within the interstitial areas of the body. Sheldon Kalnitsky says that that vegetables are low in fat, calories, sodium and fills the stomach quickly.
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Monday, May 11, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky was very fat. But the day Sheldon shifted his diet to vegetables and fruits, Sheldon Kalnitsky began to loose weight. Vegetarian diets can decrease severity of heart disease, hypertension, cancer of the breast, colon, prostate and lung, and osteoporosis and gallstones. Since Sheldon Kalnitsky started following vegetarian diet Sheldon avoided alcohol, caffeine and refined foods. They also tend to have other positive lifestyle habits including being more physically active, having less stressful lifestyles and being non-smokers. Sheldon Kalnitsky is a true vegetarian because Sheldon avoids food that is related to animal origin, including eggs, dairy foods, gelatin and honey.Sheldon Kalnitsky says, a vegetarian diet basically consists of plant foods because it is higher in carbohydrates and lower in fat than meals containing animal foods. When this diet includes plenty of whole grains, fruits and vegetables it also provides fiber, antioxidant nutrients and plant phyto chemicals which play a role in chronic disease prevention.
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Sunday, May 10, 2009
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Tuesday, May 05, 2009
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Walking is one of the best exercises if you want to start losing permanent weight. Even though a walk won’t burn a lot of calories just look at the positive benefits of walking: Increases health and fitness, Boosts energy levels, Decrease in health risks and higher percentage of body fat burned. Other benefits include helps to burn fat, toning the body, overcome sleepless nights, and overcome depression. Walking on hills is good. The uphill provides cardiovascular benefits and the downhill is known for reducing the blood sugar levels. Walking on hills may not be possible for all of us due to the location constraints.
Sheldon Kalnitsky was able to realize that walking has many benefits. It can reduce the risk of many diseases like heart attack, stroke, depression, colon cancer, constipation, osteoporosis and impotent etc. It helps cure sleeplessness.
Sheldon Kalnitsky found brisk walking very effective. Scientifically, it correlates with the pulse rate that you should achieve for the maximum benefit. If you do brisk waling for 45 minutes to 1 hour it would be good.
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Sunday, May 03, 2009
Myth on chocolate Sheldon kalnitsky - Sheldon kalnitsky, Sheldon says Chocolate is liked by everyone be it children, youngsters, adults or old aged. People have a myth that since chocolate tastes so good, it must be bad for your health. You may be surprised with the news that chocolate actually has some health benefits. According to a survey done by Sheldon kalnitsky, chocolate contains more than 300 chemicals. Sheldon Kalnitsky has found out various benefits of chocolates. Chocolate contains phenyl ethylamine, a mild mood elevator. Cacao, an ingredient in chocolate contains antibacterial agents that fight tooth decay. Smell of chocolate may increase theta brain waves, resulting in relaxation. Men who eat chocolate live a year longer than those who don’t. Chocolate increases antioxidant levels in the blood.Sheldon Kalnitsky says that people have certain myths about the effects of chocolate on the human body. Some of the myths are chocolate is addictive, contains stearic acid. Chocolate contains caffeine and bromine, but in such small quantities that they don’t cause nervous excitability.
Friday, May 01, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky and Sheldon's Way of eating - According to Sheldon Kalnitsky, a person should eat five to nine fresh pieces of fruit everyday. You may ask what are the benefits of eating this many pieces everyday. Some of the benefits are as follows: More than 60% of our body consists of water so does fruit. No other food apart from fruit contains average 80% water. Vegetables also contain a lot of water and are therefore second best.Sheldon Kalnitsky says, fruit is 100% bad-cholesterol free and stimulates memory. Animal products like meat and dairy contain bad cholesterol but fruit if free from it. Fruit is the ultimate brain fuel. If we consume fruit effectively, our brains can recall information faster and more easily.
Sheldon People spend a lot of money on junk food which is not good for their health. If they spend that money on buying fruits it will improve their healing effects. There are some spectacular stories about people who were cured from incurable diseases by following a strict diet of raw fruits and vegetables.
Sheldon Kalnitsky was cured from certain diseases after eating raw fruits and vegetables. If you follow a diet that has plenty of fibers, it will help you against corpulence, high blood pressure. The food that contains these healthy fibers is fruit and vegetables. American heart association tells people to have 25 to 30 grams of fibers out of fresh fruits. Sheldon Kalnitsky was very much depressed, but he was able to get out of it after consuming substantial amounts of fruit on a regular basis. Eating much fruit has a healing effect on human beings. A good start is to eat and drink more fresh fruits.
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Wednesday, April 29, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky developing tastes were considerably broadened during a three-year stay in the United States. In the pages of the Neue Freie Presse of Vienna, Sheldon did not directly address architecture in his writings. Kalnitsky’s writings focused increasingly on what he regarded as the excess of decoration in both traditional Viennese design and in the more recent products of the Vienna Secession and the Wiener Werkstatte.
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Tuesday, April 28, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky and Yoga - According to Sheldon Kalnitsky, yoga helps create a sense of union in body, mind and spirit. Sheldon started practicing yoga in 1999. Kalnitsky had plantar fascitiis in both feet, so his doctor stopped him from walking, hiking and playing tennis. He wanted to do exercises. Kalnitsky came to know about the benefits of yoga from one of his friends and so started practicing it.Yoga makes your body stronger, toned to flexible and you also loose weight. Rather than building muscle, yoga builds muscle tone. Yoga maintains a balanced metabolism which helps to regulate weight. It stretches muscles lengthwise, causing fat to be eliminated around the cells, thus reducing cellulite.
Sheldon Kalnitsky felt that yoga becomes part of your mental and spiritual life. It helps you to focus on breathing while you hold the poses. This attention makes you calm; dissolves stress and anxiety. If you practice you everyday, you may feel energized and not tired. If you feel tired after yoga, it means you spent the time fighting yourself, trying to force yourself into poses. In yoga, you surrender to the pose by letting go of the tension. Yoga converts a person totally.
Sheldon Kalnitsky says yoga can be practiced by all religions. Yoga teaches right living and how we deal with ourselves and others. It advocates proper eating, but you don’t have to be a vegetarian to practice yoga. Anyone can do yoga-no matter how young or old you are whether you’re a couch potato or a professional athlete. Size and fitness level do not matter because there are modifications for each yoga pose. The idea is to explore your limits, not strive for some pretzel like perfection.
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Monday, April 27, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky became fat which was not a good sign for the type of work he was in. Being a marketing person, he had to meet a lot of people, for that a pleasing personality is needed. After following certain things he started loosing weight. He started eating things that were rich in protein. Look for whole-grain carbs. Look for low-fat dairy or soy options. Look for fiber and nutrients.
In order to have a healthy breakfast, Sheldon Kalnitsky would get up 15 minutes earlier. Start the day with an oatmeal, flaxseed, blueberries or almonds. He would eat Scrambled tofu as it is healthier than scrambled eggs. Other healthy breakfast items are fresh fruit salad, protein shake with extras, eggs with peppers, fresh berries, yogurt, granola, cottage cheese and fruit. Sheldon Kalnitsky started eating healthy breakfast, which helped him to control his weight and work actively throughout the day.
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Thursday, April 23, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky loved to do portraits and landscapes. He spent most of his time in Attersee, where he drew inspiration for many of his landscapes and where he painted some of his best known works. His major works include paintings, murals, sketches and other art objects. His work is distinguished by an elegant use of gold backgrounds and mosaic patterns.
Sheldon Kalnitsky painting styles also include Expressionism and Cubism. In Expressionist Art, the artist tries to express certain feelings about some thing. The artists that painted in this style were more concerned with having their paintings express a feeling than in making the painting look exactly like what they were painting. Like that Cubism is a modern art made up mostly of paintings. The paintings are not supposed to look real. The artist uses geometric shapes to show what he is trying to paint. Early cubists used mainly grays, browns, greens and yellows. After 1914, Cubists started to use brighter colors. Cubism was the beginning of the Abstract and Non-objective art styles.
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Wednesday, April 22, 2009
Sheldon Kalnitsky also specializes in Miniature, Madhubani, Warli, Patachitra, Phad, Tribal etc. Miniature painting derived its name from its tiny size and intricate designs. The colors used in the miniatures are extracted from minerals, vegetables, precious stones, indigo, conch shells, pure gold and silver. The fine stroke of brushes conveyed the themes from the Ramayana, Mahabharata and Rasamanjiri etc.Sheldon Kalnitsky loves to work on ceramic paintings. Ceramic painting is an art form indigenous to Vietnam. The idyllic landscape of Vietnam is beautifully depicted in these paintings. Most of the paintings are in the traditional Vietnamese colors: white and blue.
Being an Indian, Sheldon Kalnitsky is fascinated by Batik paintings. He learned different types of paintings like Ganesha, Shiva and many more. Batik painting endeavors to capture the infinite divine essence within its artistic confines. He also works on contemporary Indian art. Indian paintings traditions go back to antiquity, as is evident from the murals of Ajanta, Ellora and other frescoes, the Buddhist palm leaf manuscripts, the Jain texts and the Deccan, Mughal and Kangra schools of miniature Indian painting.
Friday, April 17, 2009
Shoppers in the UK each get through a shocking 13,000 carrier bags in their lifetimes, new research shows today as the Government launches a new campaign on reusing bags.A survey of shoppers found that on average we use more than 160 new carrier bags each every single year, at least 400 a year for the average household. In 2008 alone, 9.9 billion carrier bags were distributed -- enough to fill 188 Olympic swimming pools, and if laid end to end they would reach to the moon and back seven times.
Environment Minister Jane Kennedy said:
“We simply can’t continue using the billions of new carrier bags we do every year, it’s such a huge waste and a visible symbol of our throwaway society.
“Retailers and the public have already made great steps in the right direction, and I think if we really can ‘get a bag habit’ and remember to reuse our bags, it puts us on the right track to doing even more to reduce the amount of waste we’re sending to landfill.”
The “Get a bag habit” campaign launched today with the British Retail Consortium aims to encourage the reuse of carrier bags and follows a commitment by seven leading supermarkets to reach a 50 per cent cut in the number of bags given out by the end of May this year. Since 2006 retailers have reduced the amount of bags they give out by 26 per cent.
Friday, April 10, 2009
An international team of astrophysicists has discovered a new planet five times the size of Earth, the smallest extrasolar planet revealed to date outside of our solar system.Using a network of telescopes scattered across the globe, the group discovered the extrasolar planet is more Earth-like than any other planet found so far. It circles its parent star every 10 years. The discovery opens a new chapter in the search for planets that support life.
“That fact that we stumbled on one means there are thousands of them out there,” said Kem Cook, an astronomer at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory who is also a member of PLANET (Probing Lensing Anomalies NETwork), a part of the group that made the discovery. “It’s got a solid core. Its mass is low enough that it couldn’t hold itself together if it were just gas,” Cook said.
The new planet and its red dwarf parent star lies in the constellation Sagittarius, not far from the central bulge of our galaxy.
Sunday, April 05, 2009
A reaper is a machine with revolving bars or teeth used for harvesting grains. Prior to its invention, harvesting was done by hand with cutting tools such as the sickle and scythe, or by animal-drawn wheeled boxes mounted with iron-teethed planks. The first recorded English patent for a mechanical reaper was issued to Joseph Boyce in 1799. Although other early reapers were developed using either vibrating knives or revolving cutters, none of these gained widespread use. In the 1830s, two Americans -- Obed Hussey in Ohio and Cyrus McCormick in Virginia -- developed successful mechanical reaping machines. These first horse-drawn inventions cut the standing grain and swept it onto attached platforms. Men walked along next to the machines raking the cut grain into piles. These early reapers saved farmers hours of manual labor and enabled crops to be grown on a much larger scale. McCormick eventually purchased the patent rights to Hussey's cutting bar and began the mass production of his reaper in a Chicago factory. In 1851, his machine became an international sensation when it won a Gold Medal at the London Crystal Palace exposition. He later modified his original design to enable the grain to be cut, raked and bound by the same machine. By the 20th century, the reaper was replaced by a one-man-operated harvesting machine called a combine, which cut, gathered, threshed and sacked grain mechanically. However, it was the invention of the reaper that began the transition from hand farming to the mechanized agricultural industry we know today. Thursday, March 26, 2009
In an alarm bell to WTO's 153 members, Director-General Pascal Lamy said free trade has suffered "significant slippage" this year as countries have erected new barriers to imports in the form of tariffs, subsidies and other measures designed to protect domestic industries.
Lamy said Thursday there was still no indication of a global descent into the trade wars that helped bring on the Great Depression. But he said "the danger today is of an incremental buildup of restrictions that could slowly strangle international trade and undercut the effectiveness of policies to boost aggregate demand and restore sustained growth globally."
Lamy's 47-page report obtained by The Associated Press lists dozens of government policies that are or would appear protectionist, if not illegal.
Trade has been a key driver of global economic expansion over the past three decades, growing faster than economic output and spurring gains in both rich and poor countries. But it is being hit hard by the economic crisis, with the WTO announcing earlier this week that commercial activity was expected to shrink by 9 percent this year, the worst collapse since World War II.
Protectionism will be one of the key issues when 20 of the world's leading economic powers meet in London next week. Those countries, which pledged in November in Washington to avoid spurring their economies at the expense of others, did not escape criticism in the WTO report.
Lamy said fiscal stimulus and government bailouts should be welcomed in the current environment because they aim to reverse a fall in global demand and revive international trade in goods and services. But he said the trade effects of such packages needed to be considered as they can provoke tit-for-tat retaliation that hurts all economies.
Fears are rampant that amid the most dangerous economic downturn in 80 years countries will resort to the same shortsighted trade policies after the 1929 stock market crash.
The United States then led that charge by raising tariffs on hundreds of foreign goods, sparking worldwide retaliation and the devastation of international commerce.
Part of the danger is that global trade rules provide so much space for maneuvering that countries can inflict serious damage on foreign exporters without violating any agreements.
Most nations can legally raise their tariffs somewhat above the level they currently charge on imports. They can attach extra duties on foreign goods they suspect are being "dumped" at below-market value. Complicated import licenses can be required. Safety standards for imports can be set so high that trade stops. Rich countries have the option of subsidies.
"The main risk is that governments will continue to cede ground to protectionist pressures, even if only gradually, as long as the global economic situation continues to deteriorate," Lamy warned. "In that case, the negative impact on trade will mount as the number of new measures accumulates. This will worsen the contraction of world trade and undermine confidence in an early and sustained recovery in global economic activity."
The report praises efforts by some leaders, such as Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, to reject or reverse decisions aimed at making it harder for companies in foreign countries. President Barack Obama was also commended for ensuring that "Buy American" provisions in the United States' $789 billion stimulus package comply with international agreements.
But its shame list was longer.
In the footwear sector alone, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Ecuador, the European Union, Turkey and Ukraine have enacted or are considering measures designed to slow imports from China or Vietnam, the report showed.
Australia, Brazil, Britain, Canada, France, India, Russia, and the United States were cited for automotive tariffs, subsidies, credits, licenses or other changes deemed dangerous to trade.
Argentina, the 27-nation EU, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Russia, Turkey, the U.S. and Vietnam were listed for protective steel regulations.
It was Lamy's second report on protectionism this year. Future reports are expected every two months as the WTO steps up its monitoring of the crisis.
Source http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2009/03/27/business/EU-WTO-Protectionism.php
Wednesday, March 18, 2009
Once dubbed the "Queen of Carbon Science" as one of the nation's foremost experts in the multifaceted field of carbon science, longtime Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Institute Professor Mildred Dresselhaus has been named the National Science Board's 2009 Vannevar Bush Awardee."Every morning before 6 a.m. for the past 40 years when I arrive at work, I pass a massive photograph of Vannevar Bush at his milling machine," said Dresselhaus, whose office is in the Vannevar Bush building at MIT. "When I see his smiling face, I get charged up for my day's adventure with the endless frontier of science and for my work with students and collaborators worldwide who will be enjoying the excitement of my adventures with me."
Each year, the National Science Board (NSB) presents the Vannevar Bush Award to an individual who, through public service activities in science and technology, has made an outstanding "contribution toward the welfare of mankind and the nation."
The NSB will honor Dresselhaus for her leadership through public service in science and engineering, her perseverance and advocacy in increasing opportunities for women in science, and for her extraordinary contributions in the field of condensed-matter physics and nanoscience.
Born Mildred Spiewak and raised in an impoverished household in the Bronx, Mildred Dresselhaus beat the odds by receiving a high quality education, joining the faculty at MIT in 1968, when women comprised just 4 percent of the student population and becoming a pioneer in the field of condensed matter and materials physics. Today, the percentage of women at MIT is 40 percent, and Dresselhaus holds the title of Institute Professor, the highest honor the university bestows on its faculty (she was the first woman to receive this title).
Over the course of her career, Dresselhaus' research has covered a wide range of topics in condensed matter and materials physics. She is best known for her work on carbon science and carbon nanostructures, and is also credited for being one of the researchers who caused the resurgence of the thermoelectrics research field 15 years ago by moving the field in the direction of nanostructures.
Her investigations into superconductivity, the electronic properties of carbon, thermoelectricity and the new physics at the nanometer scale have led to numerous scientific discoveries. She served as president of the American Physical Society, president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and treasurer of the National Academy of Science, the Academy's first woman officer. In 1970, she co-founded the Women's Forum at MIT. In addition, she has been the doctorate supervisor of about 75 graduate students, and has had a special interest throughout her career in mentoring young people and in expanding the opportunities for women in science and engineering.
NSB members agreed that Dresselhaus is especially deserving of the Vannevar Bush Award for her outstanding contributions to both her scientific field and to the scientific community at large. She has received the National Medal of Science; the Buckley Prize for Condensed Matter Physics from the American Physical Society; the L'Oreal-UNESCO North American Laureate for Women in Science; the Founders Medal of the IEEE; the Heinz Award for Technology, the Economy, and Employment; the Oersted Medal for Physics Education from the American Association for Physics Teachers; and 25 honorary doctorates worldwide.
"We feel that the Vannevar Bush Award is an excellent and appropriate addition to this list," said NSB Chairman, Steven Beering.
Dresselhaus received her undergraduate education at Hunter College. After a year at Cambridge and another at Harvard, she completed her doctorate at the University of Chicago. Her thesis in 1958 explored the subject of microwave properties of superconductors in a magnetic field that could not be explained by the BCS fundamental theory of superconductivity, which came in 1957, many years after the discovery of superconductivity (1911).
Following her doctoral studies, Dresselhaus spent two years at Cornell as an NSF postdoctoral fellow, and then seven years as a staff member of the MIT Lincoln Laboratory in the Solid State Physics Division. She joined the MIT faculty in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in 1967, and the Department of Physics in 1983, and was named an institute professor in 1985. She served as the director of the Office of Science at the U.S. Department of Energy from 2000 to 2001, and as the chair of the Governing Board of the American Institute of Physics from 2003 to 2008.
Dresselhaus will receive the Vannevar Bush medal at a black-tie dinner and ceremony on May 13, 2009, at the U.S. Department of State in Washington, along with recipients of the 2009 NSB Public Service Award, Roald Hoffmann of Cornell University and the American Chemical Society's Project SEED. NSF's Alan T. Waterman Awardee David Charbonneau of Harvard University will also be honored that evening.
Thursday, March 12, 2009
PASADENA, Calif. -- Loose soil piled against the northern edge of a low plateau called "Home Plate" has blocked NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Spirit from taking the shortest route toward its southward destinations for the upcoming Martian summer and following winter.The rover has begun a trek skirting at least partway around the plateau instead of directly over it.
However, Spirit has also gotten a jump start on its summer science plans, examining a silica-rich outcrop that adds information about a long-gone environment that had hot water or steam. And even a circuitous route to the destinations chosen for Spirit would be much shorter than the overland expedition Spirit's twin, Opportunity, is making on the opposite side of Mars.
Both rovers landed on Mars in 2004 for what were originally planned as three-month missions there.
Spirit spent 2008 on the northern edge of Home Plate, a flat-topped deposit about the size of a baseball field, composed of hardened ash and rising about 1.5 meters (5 feet) above the ground around it. There, the north-facing tilt positioned Spirit's solar arrays to catch enough sunshine for the rover to survive the six-month-long Martian winter.
The scientists and engineers who operate the rovers chose as 2009 destinations a steep mound called "Von Braun" and an irregular, 45-meter-wide (150-foot-wide) bowl called "Goddard." These side-by-side features offer a promising area to examine while energy is adequate during the Martian summer and also to provide the next north-facing winter haven beginning in late 2009. Von Braun and Goddard intrigue scientists as sites where Spirit may find more evidence about an explosive mix of water and volcanism in the area's distant past. They are side-by-side, about 200 meters, or yards, south of where Spirit is now.
It's mid-spring now in the southern hemisphere of Mars. The sun has climbed higher in the sky over Spirit in recent weeks.
The rover team tried to drive Spirit onto Home Plate, heading south toward Von Braun and Goddard. They tried this first from partway up the slope where the rover had spent the winter. Only five of the six wheels on Spirit have been able to rotate since the right-front wheel stopped working in 2006. With five-wheel drive, Spirit couldn't climb the slope. In January and February, Spirit descended from Home Plate and drove eastward about 15 meters (about 50 feet) toward a less steep on-ramp. Spinning wheels in loose soil led the rover team to choose another of its options.
"Spirit could not make progress in the last two attempts to get up onto Home Plate," said John Callas of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., project manager for both rovers. "Alternatively, we are driving Spirit around Home Plate to the east. Spirit will have to go around a couple of small ridges that extend to the northeast, and then see whether a route east of Home Plate looks traversable. If that route proves not to be traversable, a route around the west side of Home Plate is still an option."
During the drive eastward just north of Home Plate in January, Spirit stopped to use tools on its robotic arm to examine a nodular, heavily eroded outcrop dubbed "Stapledon," which had caught the eye of rover-team scientist Steve Ruff when he looked at images and infrared spectra Spirit took from its winter position.
"It looked like the material east of Home Plate that we found to be rich in silica," said Ruff, of Arizona State University, Tempe. "The silica story around Home Plate is the most important finding of the Spirit mission so far with regard to habitability. Silica this concentrated forms around hot springs or steam vents, and both of those are favorable environments for life on Earth."
Sure enough, Spirit's alpha particle X-ray spectrometer found Stapledon to be rich in silica, too.
"Now we have found silica on a second side of Home Plate, expanding the size of the environment we know was affected by hot springs or steam vents," Ruff said. "The bigger this system, the more water was involved, the more habitable this system may have been."
The contact measurement with the X-ray spectrometer also gave the team confidence in its ability to identify silica-rich outcrops from a distance with the rover's thermal emission spectrometer, despite some dust that has accumulated on a periscope mirror of that instrument. Researchers plan to use Spirit's thermal emission spectrometer and panoramic camera to check for more silica-rich outcrops on the route to Von Braun and Goddard. However, the team has set a priority to make good progress toward those destinations. Winds cleaned some dust off Spirit's solar panels on Feb. 6 and Feb. 14, resulting in a combined increase of about 20 percent in the amount of power available to the rover.
Opportunity, meanwhile, shows signs of increased friction in its right-front wheel. The team is driving the rover backwards for a few sols, a technique that has helped in similar situations in the past, apparently by redistributing lubricant in the wheel. Opportunity's major destination is Endeavour Crater, about 22 kilometers (14 miles) in diameter and still about 12 kilometers (7 miles) away to the southeast. Opportunity has been driving south instead of directly toward Endurance, to swing around an area where loose soil appears deep enough to potentially entrap the rover.
Friday, March 06, 2009
Monitoring the opening kinks and experiments of a new talk show is a spectator sport, and this entry comes with an added “American Idol” edge: NBC had the last word during the auditions, but Internet users are now expected to comment and cavil interactively and build — or diminish — Mr. Fallon’s television audience.
Mr. Fallon was cute and funny on “Saturday Night Live,” but he is not necessarily the ideal choice for the “Late Night” core audience of young males: his humor is mischievous, not anarchic. (If fans had a call-in vote, they might have elected Jon Stewart or Stephen Colbert.)
Still, Mr. Fallon is engaging and has an antic, quick-witted charm. He seemed more confident by the show’s third night and, oddly enough, had better comic chemistry with Cameron Diaz on Wednesday than with Tina Fey, his former “Weekend Update” co-anchor on “SNL,” the night before. Most of his skits and routines, however, seemed written for the Web, not for broadcast.
It’s still too soon to pass judgment on Mr. Fallon’s talents as a talk show host, but it’s a perfectly good time to examine NBC’s latest test of synergy, the marriage of the Internet and a television show.
Almost all shows nowadays have Web sites with extraneous videos, fan blogs and viewer e-mail exchanges. But Mr. Fallon has gone further to co-opt the Internet than either of his two network rivals, Jimmy Kimmel on ABC and Craig Ferguson on CBS, or even cable upstarts like Chelsea Handler, the host of “Chelsea Lately” on E! In the months leading up to his debut on Monday, Mr. Fallon tried to pump up younger viewers’ interest with “Late Night” Webisodes. He has pages on Facebook, Myspace and Twitter.
Perhaps accordingly, many of the routines he worked into the show in its first nights might have been better suited to YouTube. And that youth-oriented material clashes with the highly conventional, even fusty jokes in his opening monologue (“Everybody’s cutting back, everybody: Madonna’s now down to one teenage boyfriend”), as well as with the choice of a veteran actor, Robert De Niro, to be his first guest.
Twitter is so overexposed that it has become a joke, but Mr. Fallon apparently isn’t in on it. He interviewed Ms. Diaz by posing questions submitted via Twitter. Those turned out to be as dull and anodyne as any taken from a live audience. (“If Cameron wasn’t acting, what would her dream job be?” Ms. Diaz didn’t have a ready answer, so Mr. Fallon supplied it: “Forest ranger.”)
Wednesday’s quite funny parody of romance novels, “bromance novels,” came with a link on the show’s Web site (latenightwithjimmyfallon.com) that allows users to watch a video of the shooting of the cover art.
Mr. Fallon consistently tried to incorporate a wackier Web spirit into his on-air performance, even picking random people in the studio audience and assigning them made-up Facebook identities. None were very funny.
Remarkably, given how many months he has had to prepare, many of his supposedly wacky, Web-style pranks were oddly plodding and unimaginative. On the first night three audience members were invited onstage to lick something in exchange for $10. The things were all inanimate objects: a lawn mower, a copier, a fishbowl. The slow-motion “super-sexy replay” was funny once, not three times.
Mr. Fallon does not have a sidekick, but he does have a cool band, the Roots, whose musicians are deadpan and steadfastly underwhelmed by his jokes, and over time that could serve as a comic foil to his eager-to-please persona.
There were other amusing moments, including a random, bizarre video of German soccer players dancing that was found on the Web and a mock charitable appeal for laid-off Wall Street workers, a Save the Bankers Foundation, that could have just as easily been a “Saturday Night Live” skit.
And Mr. Fallon got better, and more relaxed, after his debut, though he joked with Tina Fey about his “flop sweat” moment with Mr. De Niro. (When performers admit to being nervous, it’s a little like a woman on a date bemoaning how fat she is: nobody wants to hear it.)
The first days are tough because large audiences tune in to see what all the prepremiere fuss was about, boosting ratings and expectations, then quickly turn away if not instantly amused. And most hosts go through a trial-and-error period. Mr. Kimmel started out more loutishly and live; now he is more buttoned-down, and his show is taped, even though it is still called “Jimmy Kimmel Live.”
Mr. Ferguson began with a very conventional “Tonight Show” format, then slowly allowed more of his own offbeat storytelling and Monty Pythonesque eccentricities into his act.
NBC picked Mr. Fallon, and he can sometimes seem like an old person’s notion of a hip young comic, but that doesn’t mean that he isn’t funny or that he cannot hold his own on “Late Night.” Only time, not Twitter, will tell.
Source nytimes.com/2009/03/06/arts/television/06fall.html?hp
Friday, February 27, 2009
One in 6 Illinois banks recorded a loss in the fourth quarter, up from 1 in 11 a year earlier.
Still, the 570 banks as group earned $482 million in 2008. That's down from $2.56 billion in 2007.
The state's 85 thrifts fared worse, with 40 percent losing money, up from 27 percent in the fourth quarter of 2007. Collectively in 2008 the state's savings and loans lost $270 million, worse than the $80 million in losses they racked up the previous year.
Those are among findings released Thursday by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., which announced that the nation's bank and thrift industry lost $26.2 billion in the fourth quarter, the first quarterly loss since 1990.
More than two-thirds of all insured U.S. institutions were profitable in the fourth quarter, the U.S. regulator said, but their earnings were dwarfed by big losses at big banks.
All insured institutions eked out a $575 million combined profit in the fourth quarter of 2007.
The FDIC also said that the number of institutions nationally on its undisclosed "problem list" rose from 171 in the third quarter to 252 in the fourth quarter, the highest number since mid-1995.
Reasons for the industry losses included rising levels of money that banks have to set aside to cover loans that might go bad, as well as losses from investment activities.
Return on equity in the fourth quarter for Illinois' commercial banks in the report was 1.8 percent, down from 7.7 percent one year before.
Results generally were better at the smallest banks. The average return on equity of those with assets of less than $100 million dropped in the fourth quarter to 4.5 percent from 5.6 percent, while banks with assets of more than $100 million declined to 1.7 percent from 7.8 percent.
Return on assets also fell, particularly for the larger-bank group.
The percentage of Illinois institutions reporting profit gains for the fourth quarter was 43.7 percent. In the quarter one year earlier, 53 percent reported higher earnings. Again, results were more stable at institutions with assets of $100 million or less.
Equity capital of all commercial banks in the state fell in the fourth quarter to $26.79 billion from $40.43 billion one year before.
Source www.chicagotribune.com/business/chi-fri-illinois-bank-earnings-feb27,0,3634840,print.story
Tuesday, February 17, 2009
Located in the southern periphery of the Tenggeli desert, 195 kilometers from Bayanhot and 18 kilometers from Shapotou Tourist District of Zhongwei City in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the district is an exemplary spot for agriculture tourism and has four square kilometers of wet land, featuring green grass cushions, clean air and natural sceneries with main tourist items including karting, watching migratory birds, fishing, camel-riding for desert exploration, sand skating and many others.Thursday, February 12, 2009
To ensure a broad cross-section of ideas and expertise, Governor Gregoire assembled a diverse group of business, community, education, government and minority leaders from all across Washington to create this roadmap for building a world–class education system that prepares all Washington students to succeed in today’s global economy.
Preparing all students to succeed in today’s global economy
- Fully integrate our early learning, K–12 and post-secondary education systems so that the transition from one step to the next is seamless.
- Ensure all children thrive early in life and are prepared to enter school.
- Ensure all students master the skills they need to participate thoughtfully and productively in their work and their communities.
- Close the achievement gap that academically sidelines low-income and minority students.
- Make higher education and workforce training opportunities relevant and affordable so our workforce can compete within a global economy.
Thursday, February 05, 2009
Extreme Weather To Challenge Multiple Response Agencies in Manitoba
0 comments Posted by Best-Mature at 12:58 AM“This is the largest winter exercise ever organized by the fire commissioner, bringing together front‑line and support agencies in conditions that will challenge individuals and equipment,” said Allan.
“This exercise will also test the capacity of provincial and community resources to provide support to the response groups. We believe that if we can successfully operate in a remote environment, then we should have no problem in an urban setting. This exercise will come up against some of the most severe geographic and weather-related issues our province can pose.”
Agencies scheduled to participate include the Office of the Fire Commissioner, Manitoba Emergency Measures Organization, RCMP, the Department of National Defence, Winnipeg Police Service, Search and Rescue Manitoba and a number of ground search and rescue teams, the Civil Air Search and Rescue Association and the community of Waterhen. Frontier School Division is providing students to act as victims during the exercise.
The new, state-of-the-art mobile command post will be tested for the first time. The vehicle features advanced satellite technology to assist ground and air search teams and is self-contained with its own power and water systems. A recently acquired unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) will also be used in this search and rescue operation. The remote-control unit provides pictures, video and mapping capability using geographic information systems. Assiniboine Community College in Brandon is providing technical assistance and operators for the UAV. The USAR mobile, 10-bed multi-casualty treatment facility, staffed with medical professionals, will also be incorporated in the exercise for the first time.
Manitoba’s USAR team is prepared to respond to any emergency anywhere in any weather. The team recently participated in a cross-boundary exercise with Ontario in November. USAR can provide technical rescue services for many emergencies and is capable of providing any type of search and rescue activity, regardless of the size and complexity of the incident.
The Manitoba Office of the Fire Commissioner has the responsibility for running the USAR team of more than 100 members in Manitoba. It is made up of emergency response professionals from municipal and provincial services.
There are five USAR teams across Canada in Vancouver, Calgary, Manitoba, Toronto and Halifax which are jointly funded by the Government of Canada. The teams were formed after the terrorist attacks in the U.S. on Sept. 11, 2001.
